Quotes by Mahatma Gandhi
Wikipedia Summary for Mahatma Gandhi
Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (2 October 1869 – 30 January 1948) was an Indian lawyer, anti-colonial nationalist, and political ethicist, who employed nonviolent resistance to lead the successful campaign for India's independence from British rule, and in turn inspired movements for civil rights and freedom across the world. The honorific Mahātmā (Sanskrit: "great-souled", "venerable"), first applied to him in 1914 in South Africa, is now used throughout the world.
Born and raised in a Hindu family in coastal Gujarat, western India, Gandhi trained in law at the Inner Temple, London, and was called to the bar at age 22 in June 1891. After two uncertain years in India, where he was unable to start a successful law practice, he moved to South Africa in 1893, to represent an Indian merchant in a lawsuit. He went on to live in South Africa for 21 years. It was in South Africa that Gandhi raised a family, and first employed nonviolent resistance in a campaign for civil rights. In 1915, aged 45, he returned to India. He set about organising peasants, farmers, and urban labourers to protest against excessive land-tax and discrimination.
Assuming leadership of the Indian National Congress in 1921, Gandhi led nationwide campaigns for easing poverty, expanding women's rights, building religious and ethnic amity, ending untouchability, and above all for achieving Swaraj or self-rule.
The same year Gandhi adopted the Indian loincloth, or short dhoti and, in the winter, a shawl, both woven with yarn hand-spun on a traditional Indian spinning wheel, or charkha, as a mark of identification with India's rural poor. Thereafter, he lived modestly in a self-sufficient residential community, ate simple vegetarian food, and undertook long fasts as a means of self-purification and political protest. Bringing anti-colonial nationalism to the common Indians, Gandhi led them in challenging the British-imposed salt tax with the 400 km (250 mi) Dandi Salt March in 1930, and later in calling for the British to Quit India in 1942. He was imprisoned for many years, upon many occasions, in both South Africa and India.
Gandhi's vision of an independent India based on religious pluralism was challenged in the early 1940s by a new Muslim nationalism which was demanding a separate Muslim homeland carved out of India. In August 1947, Britain granted independence, but the British Indian Empire was partitioned into two dominions, a Hindu-majority India and Muslim-majority Pakistan. As many displaced Hindus, Muslims, and Sikhs made their way to their new lands, religious violence broke out, especially in the Punjab and Bengal. Eschewing the official celebration of independence in Delhi, Gandhi visited the affected areas, attempting to provide solace. In the months following, he undertook several fasts unto death to stop religious violence. The last of these, undertaken on 12 January 1948 when he was 78, also had the indirect goal of pressuring India to pay out some cash assets owed to Pakistan.
Some Indians thought Gandhi was too accommodating. Among them was Nathuram Godse, a Hindu nationalist, who assassinated Gandhi on 30 January 1948 by firing three bullets into his chest.
Gandhi's birthday, 2 October, is commemorated in India as Gandhi Jayanti, a national holiday, and worldwide as the International Day of Nonviolence. Gandhi is commonly, though not formally, considered the Father of the Nation in India, and was commonly called Bapu (Gujarati: endearment for father, papa).
Capital as such is not evil; it is its wrong use that is evil. Capital in some form or other will always be needed.
A small body of determined spirits fired by an unquenchable faith in their mission can alter the course of history.
Persistent questioning and healthy inquisitiveness are the first requisite for acquiring learning of any kind.
There is a higher court than courts of justice and that is the court of conscience. It supercedes all other courts.

The spirit of democracy is not a mechanical thing to be adjusted by abolition of forms. It requires change of heart.
There is more to life than increasing its speed.
Longer Version/[Notes]:
There is more to life than simply increasing its speed.
Fear of death makes us devoid both of valour and religion. For want of valour is want of religious faith.
Unwearied ceaseless effort is the price that must be paid for turning faith into a rich infallible experience.
To give pleasure to a single heart by a single act is better than a thousand heads bowing in prayer.
There are people in the world so hungry, that God cannot appear to them except in the form of bread.
Decency requires that when a programme is approved by the majority, all should carry it out faithfully.
Our greatness lies not so much in being able to remake the world as in being able to remake ourselves.
The snakes have their place in the agricultural economy of the village, but our villagers do not seem realize it.
If the lambs of the world had been willingly led, they would have long ago saved themselves from the butcher's knife.
The idol in the temple is not God. But since God resides in every atom, He resides in that idol too.
No two leaves were alike, and yet there is no antagonism between them or between the branches on which they grow.
Jesus never uttered a loftier or a grander truth than when he said that wisdom cometh out of the mouths of babes.
Men to be men must be able to trust their womenfolk, even as the latter are compelled to trust them.
We are aware that the business of Swaraj will thrive only if the boycott of foreign cloth is successful.
Compulsory obedience to a master is a state of slavery, willing obedience to one's father is the glory of son ship.
All sins are committed in secrecy. The moment we realize that God witnesses even our thoughts, we shall be free.

Blaming the wolf would not help the sheep much. The sheep must learn not to fall in the clutches of the wolf.
What kind of victory is it when someone is left defeated?
Longer Version/[Notes]:
What kind of victory is it when someone is left defeated? What difference does it make to the dead, the orphans, and the homeless, whether the mad destruction is wrought under the name of totalitarianism or the holy name of liberty and democracy. What is a war criminal? Was not war itself a crime against God and humanity, and, therefore, were not all those who sanctioned, engineered and conducted wars, war criminals? The weak can never forgive. Forgiveness is the attribute of the strong. Non-cooperation with evil is a sacred duty.
If there is violence, it will certainly be crushed because violence can only end in a disgraceful rout.
All our philosophy is as dry as dust if it is not immediately translated into some act of living service.
The seeker after truth should be humbler than the dust.
Longer Version/[Notes]:
The seeker after truth should be humbler than the dust. The world crushes the dust under its feet, but the seeker after truth should so humble himself that even the dust could crush him. Only then, and not till then, will he have a glimpse of truth.

Freedom of worship, even of public speech, would become a farce if interference became the order of the day.
The Indian struggle is not anti-British, it is anti-exploitation, anti-foreign rule, not anti-foreigners.
I must fight unto the death the unholy attempt to impose British methods and British institutions on India.
My effort should never be to undermine another's faith but to make him a better follower of his own faith.
Not to believe in the possibility of permanent peace is to disbelieve in the Godliness of human nature.

Love is a rare herb that makes a friend even of a sworn enemy and this herb grows out of nonviolence.

All society is held together by nonviolence even as the earth is held in her position by gravitation.
I have shut my mind against nothing and I am a friend of Great Britain. I always have been. I have no axe to grind.
If my nonviolence is to be contagious and infectious, I must acquire greater control over my thoughts.
My heart rebels against any foreigner imposing on my country the peace which is here called Pax-Britannica.

A true and nonviolent combination of labour would act like a magnet attracting to it all the needed capital.

I have recognized that the nation has the right, if it so wills, to vindicate her freedom even by actual violence.
My nationalism, fierce though it is, is not exclusive, is not devised to harm any nation or individual.
I do not want a kingdom, or heaven; what I want is to remove the trouble of the oppressed, the poor, and the needy.
Without proper, careful organisation of the spinning wheel and khaddar, there is absolutely no civil disobedience.
If a man voluntarily allows himself to be crushed, he yields the oil of moral energy which sustains the world.
My motto is Unite now, today if you can; fight if you must. But in every case avoid British intervention.
It is better to be charged with cowardice and weakness than to be guilty of denial of our oath and sin against God.
The day a woman can walk freely on the roads at night, that day we can say that India has achieved independence.
God Himself has reserved no right of revision of His own laws nor is there any need for Him for any such revision.
Restraint never ruins one's health.
Longer Version/[Notes]:
Restraint never ruins one's health. What ruins it,is not restraint but outward suppression. A really self-restrained person grows every day from strength to strength and from peace to more peace. The very first step in self-restraint is the restraint of thoughts.
All the great religions of the world inculcate equality and brotherhood of mankind and the virtue of toleration.
The measure of a country's greatness should be based on how well it cares for its most vulnerable populations.

I condemn, for all climes and for all times, secret murders and unfair methods even for a fair cause.
God is certainly one. He has no second. He is unfathomable, unknowable and unknown to the vast majority of mankind.
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